ISLAMABAD (PEN) : Pakistan is bracing for a significant rise in temperatures in the coming months, with the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) warning that daytime temperatures could exceed normal levels by 3°C to 5°C. This surge in heat comes amid alarming declines in rainfall, which have severely impacted the country’s water resources.
Temperature Rise Predicted Nationwide
In a recent press briefing, Muhammad Afzal, the Chief Meteorologist at PMD, forecasted that major metropolitan areas in Pakistan, including Karachi, would experience heatwaves in the coming months. In Karachi, daytime temperatures are expected to rise by 3°C to 4°C above the seasonal average, adding to the discomfort of residents. These extreme conditions could lead to worsening droughts, particularly in regions already suffering from water shortages.
Rainfall Deficit and Its Impact
Afzal highlighted that winter rainfall across the country had been 42% below normal, with Sindh receiving 63% less, Balochistan 53%, and Punjab 41%. This significant rainfall shortfall has placed critical water reservoirs at dangerously low levels. As a result, the water supply for both agricultural and domestic purposes is under severe threat, with the situation expected to worsen if the predicted below-average rainfall persists through the coming months.
The water shortage is particularly concerning as Pakistan is highly dependent on seasonal rainfall for agriculture. The lack of rain could lead to crop failures, exacerbating food security challenges. Additionally, the depletion of water resources could have severe consequences for wildlife and local communities.
Glacial Melting and Flash Flood Risk
The heatwave is also expected to accelerate the melting of glaciers in northern Pakistan. While this will temporarily increase river flows, it poses a risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs), which could trigger flash floods in mountainous regions. Experts warn that these floods could be disastrous for vulnerable areas, particularly in the northern provinces.
Potential Cyclone Formation and Other Hazards
Afzal also warned that rising sea surface temperatures in the Arabian Sea could potentially lead to cyclone formation by May. This would further exacerbate the country’s already challenging weather conditions. Additionally, the PMD cautioned the public about the possibility of dust storms, thunderstorms, and hailstorms, particularly in Punjab and other plains, which could damage infrastructure and crops.
Water Conservation and Public Awareness
With the looming crisis, the PMD urged the public to conserve water and prepare for extreme heat. Authorities have been advised to take precautionary measures to address the growing risk of heatwaves, water shortages, and other weather-related hazards. Public awareness campaigns are recommended to educate citizens about the importance of water conservation and heatwave preparedness, including staying hydrated and minimizing outdoor exposure during peak temperatures.
As Pakistan faces the prospect of a scorching summer, the need for proactive measures to mitigate the impacts of rising temperatures has never been more urgent. The PMD’s guidance on water conservation and heatwave preparedness will be crucial in reducing the adverse effects on public health, agriculture, and the environment.
Conclusion
Pakistan’s meteorological outlook for the coming months paints a concerning picture, with heatwaves, water shortages, and other climate-related challenges on the horizon. The public is urged to stay informed and take necessary precautions to safeguard themselves against the escalating weather risks.
