ISLAMABAD (PEN) : In a significant escalation of tensions, India has ceased the flow of water from the Kishanganga Dam into the Neelum River, a move Pakistan deems a violation of the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty. The suspension has led to a 40% reduction in water pressure across eight locations along the Neelum River, severely impacting the region’s water supply.
Violation of the Indus Waters Treaty
The Indus Waters Treaty, brokered by the World Bank, allocates the western rivers—Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab—to Pakistan, while India has rights to the eastern rivers—Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi. Under the treaty, India is permitted to use water from the western rivers for non-consumptive purposes, such as hydroelectric power generation, but must not impede Pakistan’s share of the water. Pakistan contends that India’s recent actions contravene the treaty’s provisions.(
Accelerated Indian Water Projects
Following the suspension of the treaty in April 2025, India has expedited several water diversion projects. Notably, plans are underway to extend the Ranbir Canal on the Chenab River from 60 km to 120 km, potentially increasing water diversion from 40 to 150 cubic meters per second. Such projects threaten to significantly reduce Pakistan’s water supply, which is crucial for its agriculture and hydropower generation.
Pakistan’s Response
Pakistan has strongly condemned India’s actions, viewing them as an act of aggression. The Pakistani military has issued stern warnings, stating that any attempt to disrupt Pakistan’s share of the Indus River waters would lead to long-term repercussions. Furthermore, Pakistan is considering legal recourse through international forums to address the breach of the treaty.
International Implications
The suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty and subsequent actions by India have raised concerns about regional stability and the potential for water scarcity in Pakistan. The Indus River system is vital for Pakistan’s agriculture, providing water for approximately 80% of its irrigated land. Disruptions to this water supply could lead to significant economic and humanitarian challenges.
Conclusion
The halting of water flow from the Kishanganga Dam marks a critical point in Indo-Pakistani relations, with the potential to exacerbate existing tensions. As both nations navigate this complex issue, the international community watches closely, emphasizing the need for dialogue and adherence to international agreements to ensure peace and stability in the region.
